Center for Advanced Practice
Title
A Systematic Review of Risk Factors Associated With Cognitive Impairment After Pediatric Critical Illness.
Publication Title
Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies
Document Type
Article
PubMed ID
29329164
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors associated with cognitive impairment as assessed by neuropsychologic tests in neurotypical children after critical illness.
DATA SOURCES: For this systematic review, we searched the Cochrane Library, Scopus, PubMed, Ovid, Embase, and CINAHL databases from January 1960 to March 2017.
STUDY SELECTION: Included were studies with subjects 3-18 years old at the time of post PICU follow-up evaluation and use of an objective standardized neuropsychologic test with at least one cognitive functioning dimension. Excluded were studies featuring patients with a history of cardiac arrest, traumatic brain injury, or genetic anomalies associated with neurocognitive impairment.
DATA EXTRACTION: Twelve studies met the sampling criteria and were rated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.
DATA SYNTHESIS: Ten studies reported significantly lower scores in at least one cognitive domain as compared to healthy controls or normed population data; seven of these-four case-control and three prospective cohort studies-reported significant lower scores in more than one cognitive domain. Risk factors associated with post critical illness cognitive impairment included younger age at critical illness and/or older age at follow-up, low socioeconomic status, high oxygen requirements, and use of mechanical ventilation, sedation, and pain medications.
CONCLUSIONS: Identifying risk factors for poor cognitive outcomes post critical illness may help healthcare teams modify patient risk and/or provide follow-up services to improve long-term cognitive outcomes in high-risk children.
Keywords
Adolescent, Child, Cognition, Cognitive Dysfunction, Critical Illness, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Risk Factors
DOI
10.1097/PCC.0000000000001430
Publication Date
3-1-2018
Citation
Kachmar, A., Irving, S., Connolly, C., & Curley, M. (2018). A Systematic Review of Risk Factors Associated With Cognitive Impairment After Pediatric Critical Illness.. Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies, 19 (3), 164-164. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000001430
